2014 台灣白海豚工作坊 05/02新聞稿(中英)文版

與漁共生,漁豚共榮

推動環境友善漁法,尋求台灣白海豚與漁民共享永續漁業資源之道

新聞稿

2014年5月2日

為拯救極度瀕危的台灣白海豚(印太洋駝海豚),國際學者於台北的研討會結論中指出:推動對台灣白海豚友善的漁法,不僅可以永續台灣漁業資源,同時也為台灣白海豚保留一線生機,達到「與漁共生,漁豚共榮」的終極目標。

從 2007 年開始,由國際學者組成的「東台灣海峽白海豚技術顧問團 ( Eastern Taiwan Strait Sousa Technical Advisory Working Group, 以下簡稱顧問團)」,針對台灣白海豚的保育計畫,研討科學資料及提出實質建議。在中央研究院生物多樣性研究中心、成功大學海洋生物鯨豚研究中心、台灣蠻野心足生態協會與台灣媽祖魚保育聯盟的共同邀請之下,多位顧問團成員與來自巴西、加拿大、墨西哥、紐西蘭、菲律賓、香港、台灣,英國及美國等地小型鯨豚研究的專家學者,齊聚台北與台南,密集討論各項關於台灣白海豚保育的議題,同時檢視過去十年的成果與未來必須積極推動的方向。

台灣白海豚族群棲息在台灣西岸淺海,數量大約僅餘 74 。牠們面臨多重生存威脅,包括漁網勒纏(特別是刺網)。海豚若無法掙脫漁網,可能會因此溺斃;即使能夠逃脫,也可能受漁網勒纏造成的割傷所苦,慢慢折磨而死。

根據與會國際專家發表的研究資料顯示,台灣白海豚的族群,有百分之三十以上的個體都帶著漁網勒纏的傷口;有些海豚甚至無法擺脫纏在身上的漁網。被漁網勒纏的海豚,除了肉身與骨骼的痛苦,還可能因此降低覓食和繁殖的能力。

如何恢復台灣白海豚的數量,與會的學者建議可將台灣白海豚的保育目標設定為:在 2030 年以前,將族群數量提升到 100 隻。達到這個目標,即可幫助台灣白海豚,在國際自然資源保育聯盟 (IUCN, International Union for the Conservation of Nature Resources) 的「紅色名錄」(即物種的絕種風險)上,從目前的「極危」狀態,降低成「瀕危」。

身兼顧問團主席、加拿大溫哥華水族館及本次研討會總召的Peter Ross博士指出:「台灣白海豚由於漁網直接或間接的傷害,受盡折磨。」要減輕這樣的生存威脅,並保育這個極度瀕危的物種,必須積極努力在牠們的棲地範圍內,禁用刺網[包括單(多)層流刺、底刺網],並鼓勵漁民改用對環境較友善、更具選擇性的漁法。」

改用較具選擇性的漁法,對漁民也有許多重要的好處,因為漁業資源有機會重生,不僅漁獲因此增加,同時漁獲單價也因為賣相改善而提高,多重增加漁民的收入。

顧問團對林務局近日公告的「白海豚野生動物重要棲息環境」給予正面的鼓勵。

顧問團也進一步建議林務局,應將野生動物重要棲息環境的範圍,修訂為北自苗栗龍鳳港延伸至台南的將軍港,並將西界修訂為距海岸線三海浬。

「野生動物重要棲息環境」的劃設是邁向台灣海豚重要的ㄧ步,但是若要落實保護和恢復台灣白海豚的族群,達到「與漁共生,漁豚共榮」的終極目標,我們必須針對台灣白海豚面臨的生存威脅,包括:汙染、河口淡水注入減少、水下噪音、棲地破壞及魚類資源缺乏等問題,採取更積極、實際的作為。

新聞聯絡人:

中文:

中央研究院生物多樣性研究中心 陳昭倫 0930-073637, [email protected]

成功大學海洋生物暨鯨豚研究中心 王建平 0933-339406

台灣媽祖魚保育聯盟 甘小姐 0928-926180

英文:

Dr. Peter Ross(羅筆德博士)

Program Director, Vancouver Aquarium

tel +1.604.659.3563

e-mail: [email protected]

Taiwanese White Dolphins and fisheries can benefit from dolphin-friendly fishing

International expert group proposes target of 100 dolphins by 2030

2 May 2014

2 May 2014, Taipei: Taiwan’s critically endangered and biologically distinct White Dolphins (Sousa chinensis) and its fishers could both benefit from a switch to dolphin-friendly fishing gear, concluded scientists at an international workshop today in Taipei.

Workshop participants from Brazil, Canada, Hong Kong, Mexico, New Zealand, the Philippines, Taiwan, the United Kingdom and the United States met under the auspices of the Eastern Taiwan Strait Sousa Technical Advisory Working Group, an international group of scientists established in 2007 to provide conservation-based scientific advice to recover the Taiwanese white dolphins.

The Taiwanese white dolphins, which inhabit the nearshore waters of Taiwan’s west coast, number approximately 74 individuals. They face numerous threats, including entanglement in fishing nets, particularly gillnets. Dolphins can drown if they are unable to break free from a net, and such an impact may jeopardize the survival or recovery of the population.

More than 30% of the dolphins bear the scars of previous entanglements, and some dolphins still have nets wrapped around their bodies. This causes terrible suffering and impairs their ability to feed and reproduce.

Workshop participants suggested that Taiwan could set a target to increase the number of dolphins to 100 individuals by 2030. This would improve the population from the IUCN ‘Critically Endangered’ listing to the ‘Endangered’ listing.

Dr. Peter Ross, Chair of the Eastern Taiwan Strait Sousa Technical Advisory Working Group and Program Director at the Vancouver Aquarium in Canada, said: “The Taiwanese white dolphins are suffering from terrible injuries associated with fishing nets. The best hope to reduce this threat, and recover this critically endangered population, would come from banning gill nets in their habitat, and encouraging fishers to switch to more selective fishing gear.”

Switching to alternative, more selective fishing methods can also bring significant benefits to fishers, with recovering fish stocks leading to increased income for fishers.

The international expert group welcomed the recent announcement by the Forestry Bureau that it will soon designate Major Wildlife Habitat for the dolphins.

The expert group encouraged the Forestry Bureau to consider increasing the Major Wildlife Habitat area from Longfeng Harbour (Miaoli County) in the north to Jiangiyun Harbour (Tainan City) in the south, and increasing the offshore boundary to 3 nautical miles from the shore.

The designation of Major Wildlife Habitat represents a management tool, but it will only be meaningful if accompanied by actions to reduce the threat from pollution, freshwater diversions, noise, habitat destruction and fisheries impacts.

ENDS

For further information or to arrange an interview, please contact:

Mandarin Chinese: Dr. Allen Chen, Academia Sinica, +886-930-073637, email:[email protected]

English: Dr. Peter Ross, Program Director, Vancouver Aquarium, tel ++1.604.659.3563, email[email protected]

相關文章